What is meant by "mop-up" operations in firefighting?

Mop-up operations in firefighting refer specifically to the actions taken to ensure that all remaining heat sources are thoroughly extinguished after a fire is controlled. This involves locating and cooling down hot spots that could potentially reignite, ensuring the area is safe and secure. Firefighters may use hand tools, water, and sometimes even dozer lines to systematically extinguish fire remnants and prevent flare-ups.

The focus of mop-up is on finalizing fire control; it's a critical phase that takes place after the main fire has been suppressed. Effective mop-up ensures that any embers or residual heat are adequately dealt with to prevent fires from sparking back to life, which could have devastating consequences if left unchecked.